Fig. 01Arduino
Arduino Uno R3
The board most people learn on: a socketed ATmega328P, 5 V pins you can't easily hurt, and a USB cable that does everything.
- ATmega328P-PU
- 16 MHz
- 5 V logic
- 32 KB
- Arduino C++
- Arduino
- AVR
Lessons 0/16Assembly not done
01Microcontrollers and FPGAs
Board Lab
Twelve real boards. Assemble each one, power it up, write code that really runs, wire in sensors and break it on purpose to see what fails and why.
12boards
- Fig. 02Arduino
Arduino Nano
The Uno's brain on a board the size of a stick of gum, made to plug into a breadboard.- ATmega328P-MU
- 16 MHz
- 5 V logic
- 32 KB
- Arduino C++
- Arduino
- AVR
Lessons 0/4Assembly not done - Fig. 03Arduino
Arduino UNO R4
The UNO goes 32-bit: a 48 MHz Arm chip with a real DAC and a 14-bit ADC, the same 5 V pins and shield footprint, and USB-C. The WiFi version adds an ESP32-S3 radio and a 12 x 8 LED matrix.- R7FA4M1AB3CFM#AA0
- 48 MHz
- 5 V logic
- 256 KB
- Arduino C++
- Arduino
- Arm
Lessons 0/7Assembly not done - Fig. 04Espressif
ESP32-DevKitC V4
Espressif's own ESP32 board: two cores, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, 3.3 V logic.- ESP32-WROOM-32E-N4
- 240 MHz
- 3.3 V logic
- 4 MB
- Arduino C++
- MicroPython
- ESP32
- Wi-Fi
Lessons 0/5Assembly not done - Fig. 05Espressif
ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth LE and two 240 MHz cores on a 3.3 V breadboard board- ESP32-S3-WROOM-1-N8R8
- 240 MHz
- 3.3 V logic
- 8 MB
- Arduino C++
- MicroPython
- ESP32
- Wi-Fi
Lessons 0/4Assembly not done - Fig. 06NodeMCU (open hardware) · ESP8266 by Espressif
NodeMCU (ESP8266)
A cheap Wi-Fi board: the ESP8266 on a breadboard-friendly carrier with USB- ESP8266EX
- 80 MHz
- 3.3 V logic
- 4 MB
- Arduino C++
- MicroPython
- ESP8266
- Wi-Fi
Lessons 0/4Assembly not done - Fig. 07Raspberry Pi
Raspberry Pi Pico
RP2040 or RP2350 on a 21 x 51 mm stick: MicroPython, PIO and, on the W boards, Wi-Fi- RP2040
- 133 MHz
- 3.3 V logic
- 2 MB
- MicroPython
- Arduino C++
- RP2040
- RP2350
Lessons 0/6Assembly not done - Fig. 08STMicroelectronics
STM32 Nucleo-F401RE
ST's 84 MHz Cortex-M4 board with its own ST-LINK programmer: Arduino sockets on top, every pin on the morpho rows, 3.3 V logic, and one mini-USB cable for power, uploads and Serial.- STM32F401RET6
- 84 MHz
- 3.3 V logic
- 512 KB
- Arduino C++
- STM32
- Arm
Lessons 0/5Assembly not done - Fig. 09Micro:bit Educational Foundation
BBC micro:bit V2
A pocket computer with 25 LEDs, two buttons, a touch logo, a motion sensor, a speaker and a microphone- nRF52833-QIAA
- 64 MHz
- 3.3 V logic
- 512 KB
- MicroPython
- nRF52
- Bluetooth LE
Lessons 0/5Assembly not done - Fig. 10Raspberry Pi
Raspberry Pi 5 / Raspberry Pi 4
A quad-core Linux computer on an 85 x 56 mm board: Python with gpiozero on 40 GPIO pins, and ROS 2 for robots- BCM2712
- 2.4 GHz
- 3.3 V logic
- Python
- Linux
- GPIO header
Lessons 0/5Assembly not done - Fig. 11Digilent
Digilent Basys 3
An FPGA teaching board: you don't program a processor, you describe a circuit and the chip becomes it.- XC7A35T-1CPG236C
- 100 MHz
- 3.3 V logic
- 4 MB
- Verilog
- FPGA
- Artix-7
Lessons 0/5Assembly not done - Fig. 12Terasic
Terasic DE10-Lite
An Intel MAX 10 FPGA board with six hex displays, an Arduino header and a USB-Blaster built in.- 10M50DAF484C7G
- 50 MHz
- 3.3 V logic
- 736 KB
- Verilog
- FPGA
- MAX 10
Lessons 0/5Assembly not done
